The global demand for energy continues to rise, and unconventional oil and gas resources have emerged as a significant contributor to meeting this demand. Unlike conventional reservoirs, unconventional resources such as shale oil and gas, tight formations, coalbed methane, and oil sands require advanced exploration and production technologies, including horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing. These resources have reshaped global energy markets, reduced import dependence for some countries, and opened new opportunities for investment and technological innovation. However, they also present challenges in terms of technical complexity, cost management, environmental impact, and regulatory compliance. Professionals in the oil and gas industry must therefore gain a comprehensive understanding of the exploration and production lifecycle of unconventional resources to remain competitive and sustainable.